Batrachospermum is a genus of red algae from the family Batrachospermaceae. Due to its complex biological life cycle, descriptions of the taxon typically focus on gametophytes, while sporophytes, i.e., carposporophytes, are filamentous structures growing on the gametophyte, on which they depend. Independently living sporophytes have sometimes been described as separate species within the genus Chantransia. Additionally, differences may occur in the descriptions of the genus due to variations in taxonomic approaches, as new taxonomic techniques, as with other algae, result in changes in the assignment of individual species to the genus Batrachospermum. The genus is cosmopolitan, and its representatives are found in freshwater environments, mainly rivers, and less frequently in standing waters. These plants have thalli in the form of gelatinous-coated filaments.
"}{"type":"standard","title":"History of the Germans in Holyoke, Massachusetts","displaytitle":"History of the Germans in Holyoke, Massachusetts","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q65061662","titles":{"canonical":"History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke,_Massachusetts","normalized":"History of the Germans in Holyoke, Massachusetts","display":"History of the Germans in Holyoke, Massachusetts"},"pageid":60380440,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Board_members_of_the_Holyoke_Turn_Verein%2C_1946.png/330px-Board_members_of_the_Holyoke_Turn_Verein%2C_1946.png","width":320,"height":210},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Board_members_of_the_Holyoke_Turn_Verein%2C_1946.png","width":965,"height":633},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1253663868","tid":"c2888e03-942b-11ef-8168-31cb03233eb5","timestamp":"2024-10-27T06:21:54Z","description":"Ethnic group in Holyoke, Massachusetts, United States","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:History_of_the_Germans_in_Holyoke%2C_Massachusetts"}},"extract":"Despite representing a significantly smaller population than their Irish, French, Polish, or Puerto Rican counterparts, in the late 19th century through the mid-20th century, German immigrants predominantly from Saxony and Rhineland played a significant economic, cultural, and political role in the history of Holyoke, Massachusetts. The influx of these immigrants can largely be attributed to a single mill and millworker complex, the Germania Woolen Mills, which formed the basis of the immigrant colony that would make the ward encompassing the South Holyoke neighborhood that with the highest German population per capita, in all of New England by 1875. Along with unionization efforts by the Irish community, Germans would also play a key role in the city and region's socialist labor movements as workers organized for higher pay and improved living conditions in the textile and paper mill economies.","extract_html":"
Despite representing a significantly smaller population than their Irish, French, Polish, or Puerto Rican counterparts, in the late 19th century through the mid-20th century, German immigrants predominantly from Saxony and Rhineland played a significant economic, cultural, and political role in the history of Holyoke, Massachusetts. The influx of these immigrants can largely be attributed to a single mill and millworker complex, the Germania Woolen Mills, which formed the basis of the immigrant colony that would make the ward encompassing the South Holyoke neighborhood that with the highest German population per capita, in all of New England by 1875. Along with unionization efforts by the Irish community, Germans would also play a key role in the city and region's socialist labor movements as workers organized for higher pay and improved living conditions in the textile and paper mill economies.
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